资本不足 under-capitalized

资本充足率 capital adequacy ratio

资本利润率 return on capital

资本账户可兑换 capital account convertibility

资不抵债 insolvent

资产负债表 balance sheet

资产负债率 liability/asset ratio

资产集中 asset concentration

资产贡献率 asset contribution factor

资产利润率 return on assets

资产质量 asset quality

资产组合 asset portfolio

资金成本 cost of funding; cost of capital

资金到位 fully funded

资金宽裕 have sufficient funds

资金利用率 fund utilization rate

资金缺口 financing gap

资金体外循环 financial disintermediation

资金占压 funds tied up

自筹投资项目 self-financed projects

自有资金 equity fund

综合国力 overall national strength

指令性措施 mandatory measures

指令性计划 mandatory plan; administered plan

制定和实施货币政策 conduct monetary policy

滞后影响 lagged effect

中介机构 intermediaries

中央与地方财政 delineation of fiscal responsibilities

分灶吃饭重点建设 key construction projects

周期谷底 bottom (trough) of business cycle

周转速度 velocity

主办银行 main bank

主权风险 sovereign risk

注册资本 registered capital

逐步到位 phase in

逐步取消 phase out

抓大放小 seize the big and free the small

专款专用 use of funds as ear-marked

转贷 on-lending

转轨经济 transition economy

转机 turnaround

转折关头 turning point

准财政赤字 quasi-fiscal deficit

准货币 quasi-money

在途资金 fund in float

增加农业投入 increase investment in agriculture

增势减缓 deceleration of growth

增收节支措施 revenue-enhancing and expenditure control measures

增长平稳 steady growth

增值税 value-added tax

涨幅偏高 higher-than-desirable growth rate

账外账 concealed accounts

折旧 depreciation

整顿 retrenchment

政策工具 policy instrument

政策性业务 policy-related operations

政策性银行 policy banks

政策组合 policy mix

政府干预 government intervention

证券交易清算 settlement of securities transactions

证券业务占款 funding of securities purchase

支付困难 payment difficulty

支付能力 payment capacity

直接调控方式向 increase the reliance on indirect policy instruments

职能转换 transformation of functions

职业道德 professional ethics

一级市场 primary market

应收未收利息 overdue interest

银行网点 banking outlets

赢利能力 profitability

营业税 business tax

硬贷款 commercial loans

用地审批 grant land use right

有管理的浮动汇率 managed floating exchange rate

证券投资 portfolio investment

游资 hot money

有市场的产品 marketable products

有效供给 effective supply

诱发新一轮经济扩张 trigger a new round of economic expansion

逾期贷款 overdue loans; past-due loans

与国际惯例接轨 become compatible with internationally accepted practices

与国际市场接轨 integrate with the world market

预算外支出（收入） off-budgetexpenditure

预调 pre-emptive adjustment

月环比 on a month-on-month basis

再贷款 central bank lending

在国际金融机构储备头寸 reserve position in international financial institutions

在人行存款 deposits at the central bank

新经济增长点 new sources of economic growth

新开工项目 new projects; newly started projects

新增贷款 incremental credit; loan increment; credit growth; credit expansion

新增就业位置 new jobs; new job opportunities

信贷规模考核 review the compliance with credit ceilings

信号失真 distorted signals

信托投资公司 trust and investment companies

信息不对称 information asymmetry

信息反馈 feedback

信息共享系统 information sharing system

信息披露 information disclosure

信用扩张 credit expansion

信用评级 credit rating

姓资还是姓社 pertaining to socialism or capitalism; socialist or captialist

行政措施 administrative measures

需求膨胀 demand expansion; excessive demand

虚伪存款 window-dressing deposits

削减冗员 shed excess labor force 寻租rent seeking

迅速反弹 quick rebound

养老基金 pension fund

一刀切 universal application; non-discretionary implementation

委托存款 entrusted deposits

稳步增长 steady growth

稳健的银行系统 a sound banking system

稳中求进 make progress while ensuring stability

无纸交易 book-entry transaction

物价监测 price monitoring

吸纳流动性 absorb liquidity

稀缺经济 scarcity economy

洗钱 money laundering

系统内调度 fund allocation within a bank

系统性金融危机 systemic financial crisis

下岗工人 laid-off employees

下游企业 down-stream enterprises

现场稽核 on-site examination

现金滞留 cash held outside the banking system

乡镇企业 township and village enterprises

消费物价指数 consumer price index

消费税 excise tax

消灭财政赤字 balance the budget; to eliminate fiscal deficit

销货款回笼 reflow of corporate sales income to the banking system

销售平淡 lackluster sales

协议外资金额 committed amount of foreign investment

贴现窗口 discount window

同比 on year-on-year basis

同业拆借 inter-bank borrowing

同业拆借市场利率CHIBOR同业融通票据 inter-bank financing bills

同业往来 inter-bank transactions

透支 overdraft

退税 tax refund

头寸 position

吞吐基础货币 adjustment of monetary base

脱媒现象 disintermediation

外部审计 external audit

外国直接投资 foreign direct investment

外汇储备 foreign exchange reserves

外汇调剂 foreign exchange swap

外汇占款 the RMB counterpart of foreign exchange reserves

外向型经济 export-oriented economy

外债 external debt

外资企业 foreign-funded enterprises

完善现代企业制度 improve the modern enterprise system

完税凭证 tax payment documentation

违法经营 illegal business

实时 real time

实收资本 paid-in capital

实现利润 realized profit

市场分割 market segmentation

市场经济 market economy

市场占有率（市场份额） market share

市场准入 market access

(指商品和劳务的进入)市价总值 market capitalization

适度从紧 appropriately tight

适时调节 timely adjustment

收回对金融机构贷款 to recall central bank loans (to financial institutions)

税后还贷 amortization (repayment of loans) after tax

税收流失 tax erosion

税源不足 weak tax base

私营经济（私人经济） the private sector

私有制 private ownership

所有者权益 owner's equity

逃税（请见"避税"） tax evasion

套汇 currency swap

非法套汇 illegal purchase of foreign exchange

剔除季节性因素 seasonally adjusted

调节流动性 influence liquidity level

缺乏后劲 unsustainable momentum

绕规模贷款 circumvent credit ceiling

人均国内生产总值 per capita GDP

人均收入 per capita income

人民币升值压力 upward pressure on the Renminbi